1-Propanol

1-Propanol, or n-propanol, is a primary alcohol with three carbon atoms and the formula C₃H₈O. Its unbranched carbon chain distinguishes it from the isomer 2-propanol.

Alcohol (chemistry): An organic compound with a hydroxyl group bonded to a saturated carbon atom. 1-Propanol belongs to this compound family because it contains a hydroxyl group on a saturated carbon.
Solvent: A substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution. 1-Propanol dissolves a range of organic compounds and is used as a solvent in chemical products.
Propanol: An alcohol containing three carbon atoms; its two structural isomers are 1-propanol and 2-propanol. 1-Propanol is one of the two compounds grouped under this name.
2-Propanol: A secondary alcohol with the formula C₃H₈O, also called isopropyl alcohol. Its hydroxyl group is on carbon 2, making it a structural isomer with different properties.
Hydrogen bonding: An attraction involving a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom. Its hydroxyl groups form hydrogen bonds, helping explain 1-propanol’s boiling point and water solubility.
Propyl acetate: An ester with the formula C₅H₁₀O₂, produced from propanol and acetic acid. This industrial solvent is one product made using 1-propanol as a starting material.
Structural isomerism: The phenomenon in which compounds have the same molecular formula but different atom connectivity. 1-Propanol and 2-propanol share a formula but differ in the position of the hydroxyl group.
Ethanol: A two-carbon alcohol with the formula C₂H₆O, found in alcoholic beverages and used as a solvent. Ethanol has one fewer carbon atom and different physical properties despite sharing an alcohol group.
Oxidation of alcohols: Reactions that convert alcohols into more oxidized compounds by changing bonds at the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group. As a primary alcohol, 1-propanol can oxidize first to propanal and then to propanoic acid.
Printing ink: A liquid or paste containing colorants and other ingredients for transferring images onto surfaces. 1-Propanol can serve as a solvent in some printing inks, aiding formulation and drying.

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