14th Dalai Lama

Tenzin Gyatso is the 14th Dalai Lama, a Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader who was born in 1935 and has lived in exile in India since 1959.

Tenzin Gyatso: The personal name of the 14th Dalai Lama, born in 1935 in northeastern Tibet. This is the name he used before recognition as the Dalai Lama.
Dalai Lama: The title of a lineage of Tibetan Buddhist leaders traditionally associated with the Gelug school. Tenzin Gyatso is the fourteenth recognized holder of this title.
Nobel Peace Prize: An annual international award established by Alfred Nobel for contributions to peace. He received the 1989 prize for his advocacy of nonviolent solutions for Tibet.
Panchen Lama: A major Tibetan Buddhist tulku lineage traditionally second in religious stature to the Dalai Lama. The Chinese government and the Dalai Lama recognized different candidates for the Panchen Lama succession.
Gelug: A Tibetan Buddhist school founded by Je Tsongkhapa, known for monastic scholarship and disciplined study. The Dalai Lama belongs to this school, whose institutions shaped his education.
Thubten Jigme Norbu: A Tibetan scholar and political advocate, and the elder brother of the 14th Dalai Lama. Norbu became an early advocate for Tibetan independence while his brother led Tibet.
Tibetan Buddhism: A form of Buddhism shaped by Indian Buddhist traditions and Tibetan religious institutions and practices. The Dalai Lama's spiritual authority comes from this religious tradition.
Mind and Life Institute: A nonprofit organization that convenes dialogue between contemplative traditions and modern science. His conversations with scientists helped inspire this institute's work.
Gedhun Choekyi Nyima: The boy recognized by the 14th Dalai Lama in 1995 as the 11th Panchen Lama, whose whereabouts remain unknown. His disappearance intensified disputes over who may recognize Tibetan Buddhist reincarnations.
Bodhisattva: In Mahayana Buddhism, a being who seeks enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings. The Dalai Lama is traditionally regarded by followers as an emanation of Avalokiteshvara, a bodhisattva.

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