Knowra 1883 eruption of Krakatoa 1883 eruption of Krakatoa The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa was a catastrophic volcanic event in Indonesia’s Sunda Strait that destroyed much of the island and generated deadly tsunamis.
Pyroclastic flow : A fast, ground-hugging current of hot gas, ash, and volcanic fragments. Hot currents from the eruption crossed the strait and devastated coastal settlements.
Tsunami : A series of long ocean waves caused by sudden displacement of a large volume of water. Waves generated by the eruption flooded shores around the Sunda Strait.
Sunda Arc : A volcanic island arc formed where the Indo-Australian Plate subducts beneath the Sunda Plate. Krakatoa lies within this active belt of subduction-related volcanoes.
Krakatoa loudness : The acoustic effects of Krakatoa’s 1883 explosions, heard thousands of kilometers away and recorded in distant measurements. The blast’s reports and pressure-wave records convey the eruption’s exceptional reach.
Volcanic tsunami : A tsunami generated by volcanic activity, such as an explosion, flank collapse, or submarine eruption. Krakatoa’s destructive waves arose from volcanic processes rather than a major earthquake.
Anak Krakatau : A volcanic island that emerged within Krakatau’s caldera beginning in 1927 and remains volcanically active. It grew from the submerged remnants left by the 1883 catastrophe.
Krakatoa : A volcanic island group in Indonesia’s Sunda Strait, between Java and Sumatra. The 1883 eruption occurred on this island group, whose earlier volcanic history shaped the event.
Krakatoa pressure wave : The atmospheric pressure wave from Krakatoa’s 1883 explosions, recorded repeatedly by barographs around the world. Its global passage provided instrumental evidence of the explosion’s magnitude.
Caldera : A large volcanic depression formed when a volcano’s summit collapses into an emptied or partly emptied magma chamber. Collapse of Krakatoa’s volcanic structure helped displace seawater and produce tsunamis.
Global atmospheric circulation : The large-scale movement of air that redistributes heat and moisture around Earth. Stratospheric aerosols from Krakatoa spread through atmospheric circulation and altered skies worldwide.
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