1931 China floods

A series of catastrophic floods in China in 1931, chiefly along the Yangtze, Yellow, and Huai rivers, that killed hundreds of thousands of people.

Yangtze River: A major river in China that flows eastward to the East China Sea. Its extensive basin and swollen channels formed the central zone of the floods.
Yangtze River basin: The drainage region whose rivers and streams flow into the Yangtze River. Millions of people lived in the basin exposed to the 1931 inundation.
East Asian monsoon: A seasonal wind system that brings much of East Asia its summer rainfall. Monsoon rainfall set the broader seasonal conditions for the floods.
1887 Yellow River flood: A catastrophic flood of the Yellow River in 1887 that killed large numbers of people. It was an earlier Chinese flood disaster with an immense human toll.
Yellow River: A major northern Chinese river named for its sediment-rich, yellow-brown water. Flooding along this river contributed to the wider 1931 disaster.
Famine: A severe shortage of food affecting a large population and causing widespread hunger. Flooded fields and disrupted transport threatened food supplies after the waters rose.
1931 China drought: A severe drought in parts of China during 1931, preceding or accompanying flooding in other regions. The same year brought drought and deluge in different parts of China.
1938 Yellow River flood: A deliberate breach of Yellow River dikes in 1938 that caused widespread flooding during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Unlike the 1931 catastrophe, this flood resulted from a military decision.
Huai River: A major river in central China flowing east toward the Yellow Sea. Its basin was among the regions affected by the 1931 floods.
Epidemic: A rapid increase in disease cases within a population or region. Displacement, contaminated water, and crowded shelters increased disease risks.

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