Knowra 1987 Constitution of the Philippines 1987 Constitution of the Philippines The supreme law of the Philippines, ratified in 1987 after the fall of Ferdinand Marcos. It established the institutions and rights framework of the country’s post-Marcos democratic republic.
Preamble to the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines : The constitution’s opening statement of national purposes and aspirations. It frames the charter’s authority around sovereignty, justice, freedom, and democratic government.
People Power Revolution : The 1986 mass uprising in the Philippines that ended Ferdinand Marcos’s presidency. The revolution created the political opening for a new constitutional order.
Separation of powers : A system that divides government authority among distinct branches to prevent its concentration. The charter distributes national authority among legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
Human rights in the Philippines : The protections and freedoms recognized in Philippine law and addressed by domestic and international institutions. The constitution’s rights provisions became a central legal framework after martial law.
Bill of Rights of the Philippines : The constitutional provisions that protect individual liberties and constrain government power in the Philippines. Article III enumerates protections including due process, free expression, and limits on searches.
Ferdinand Marcos : The Philippine president who imposed martial law in 1972 and ruled until his removal in 1986. The new charter responded to abuses associated with Marcos’s rule and the 1973 constitutional system.
Judicial review : The power of courts to assess whether laws and government actions comply with a constitution. Philippine courts may invalidate government acts that violate the charter.
Philippine constitutional commissions : Independent bodies established by the Philippine Constitution to oversee elections, public auditing, and civil service. Their constitutional status was intended to insulate key oversight functions from political interference.
President of the Philippines : The elected head of state and government of the Philippines, serving as chief executive. The constitution defines the presidency’s election, powers, term, and succession.
Corazon Aquino : The president of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992, who led the government during the transition to democracy. Aquino’s administration convened the commission that drafted the constitution.
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