1990 Nepalese revolution

A popular movement that ended Nepal’s partyless Panchayat system and restored multiparty democracy under a constitutional monarchy. Known in Nepal as the People’s Movement, it culminated in political change in 1990.

Nepali Congress: A major Nepalese political party founded in 1950 that campaigned for democracy and opposed the Panchayat system. Its leaders helped organize the opposition alliance and mass demonstrations.
King Mahendra of Nepal: King of Nepal from 1955 to 1972, who dissolved parliament and established the Panchayat system. His 1960 coup and later political order shaped the grievances the movement inherited.
Ganesh Man Singh: A Nepalese democratic leader and Nepali Congress figure who helped lead the 1990 People’s Movement. He became the movement’s most prominent opposition leader and helped coordinate its campaign.
1990 Constitution of Nepal: Nepal’s constitution promulgated in 1990, establishing a multiparty parliamentary system under a constitutional monarchy. The constitution translated the movement’s demands into a new framework for government.
United Left Front (Nepal): A coalition of Nepalese communist parties formed in 1989 to oppose the Panchayat system. It coordinated left-wing opposition with the Nepali Congress during the movement.
1960 Nepalese coup d'état: King Mahendra’s seizure of power in 1960, which dissolved parliament and banned political parties in Nepal. It began the royal-directed era that the 1990 movement sought to end.
Krishna Prasad Bhattarai: A Nepalese democratic politician who became prime minister during the 1990 transition. He led the interim government charged with preparing a democratic constitution.
1991 Nepalese general election: Nepal’s first general election under the restored multiparty parliamentary system, held in 1991. The election tested whether the new constitutional order could support competitive government.
People's Movement (Nepal): The 1990 Nepalese uprising that ended the Panchayat system and restored multiparty democracy. This is the movement’s common English name and its defining episode.
1962 Constitution of Nepal: Nepal’s constitution that established the Panchayat system and concentrated political authority in the monarchy. It codified the partyless system that opposition groups challenged.

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