2016 Colombian peace agreement

A pact between the Colombian government and the FARC that ended their armed conflict and set out disarmament, political participation, rural reform, and transitional justice measures.

Special Jurisdiction for Peace: Colombia’s transitional justice tribunal investigates conflict-related crimes and imposes restorative sanctions under the agreement. It provides the agreement’s central route for investigating serious crimes and recognizing victims.
Colombian conflict: A decades-long armed conflict involving the Colombian state, guerrilla groups, paramilitaries, and criminal organizations. The agreement addressed the government’s conflict with FARC within this wider, continuing history of violence.
2016 Colombian peace plebiscite: A national vote in which Colombian voters narrowly rejected the initial peace agreement on October 2, 2016. The unexpected rejection forced revisions before the government and FARC signed a final text.
Uribe's opposition to the peace agreement: A political campaign against the 2016 agreement led by former Colombian president Álvaro Uribe. Its objections helped shape the plebiscite defeat and the revisions to the final text.
FARC disarmament: The supervised surrender and destruction of weapons by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia. Disarmament was a core condition for ending FARC’s insurgency and beginning civilian reintegration.
FARC: A Colombian Marxist-Leninist guerrilla organization founded in 1964 as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia. FARC was the armed movement that negotiated the agreement and later became a political party.
2016 Nobel Peace Prize: The Nobel Peace Prize awarded to Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos for efforts to end the conflict. The award recognized the negotiated settlement despite the plebiscite’s rejection.
FARC–EP: The dissident organization that retained the FARC-EP name and continued armed activity after the agreement. It contrasts with the main FARC organization’s decision to disarm and enter legal politics.
FARC political participation: The former guerrilla movement’s transition into legal electoral politics as the Common Alternative Revolutionary Force. The pact exchanged armed struggle for guaranteed opportunities to participate in politics.
Havana peace talks: Negotiations between the Colombian government and FARC held in Havana from 2012 to 2016. These talks produced the text and compromises that became the agreement.

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