7 July 2005 London bombings

A coordinated series of suicide bombings on London’s public transport system that killed 52 people and injured hundreds. The attacks targeted three Underground trains and a bus.

London Underground: London’s rapid-transit railway, serving the city and surrounding areas through underground and surface routes. Three bombs exploded aboard Underground trains travelling on this network.
Mohammad Sidique Khan: A British suicide bomber who detonated a bomb on a Circle line train near Edgware Road. He was identified as the oldest of the four attackers and a central organizer.
7 July 2005 London bombings inquest: A series of coroner’s inquests examining the deaths and circumstances of the 52 people killed in the attacks. The proceedings scrutinized the response, preventability, and victims’ final movements.
2005 London bombings CCTV footage: Surveillance images documenting the four bombers travelling together in London on the morning of 7 July 2005. The images helped establish the attackers’ movements before the explosions.
UK intelligence and the 7 July bombers: The record of intelligence-agency awareness and assessments concerning the four bombers before the attacks. Official reviews distinguished prior contact with some attackers from evidence of knowledge of the planned plot.
Edgware Road tube station: A London Underground station in the Paddington area, served by several lines. A bomb exploded on a train near this station, damaging another train alongside it.
Shehzad Tanweer: A British suicide bomber who detonated a bomb on a Circle line train near Aldgate. His role connected the attacks to preparation and travel in the Leeds area.
Intelligence and Security Committee: A UK parliamentary committee that examines the policies, administration, and expenditure of intelligence and security agencies. Its inquiry assessed what agencies knew about the bombers before the attacks.
Forensic science in the 7 July investigation: The use of physical and biological evidence to identify bombers and examine the devices used in the attacks. Forensic evidence linked the four attack sites to a coordinated investigation.
Preventability of the 7 July bombings: The question of whether different investigative decisions or available information could have stopped the attacks. Inquiries examined missed opportunities without establishing that the plot was preventable.

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Samantha LewthwaiteRelated: Lewthwaite’s former husband, Germaine Lindsay, was one of the four bombers.