Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib

Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib was Muhammad’s uncle and an early Muslim. His descendants, the Abbasids, later founded a caliphate that ruled much of the Islamic world.

Muhammad: Muhammad was the religious, political, and social leader who founded Islam in seventh-century Arabia. Abbas was Muhammad’s paternal uncle and became part of his community.
Mecca: Mecca is a city in western Arabia and Islam’s holiest city, centered on the Kaaba. Abbas lived among the Quraysh in Mecca before the Muslim community’s migration.
Abbasid Revolution: The Abbasid Revolution was the movement that overthrew the Umayyad caliphate and established Abbasid rule in 750. It turned the Abbasid family’s claimed descent from Abbas into political power.
Banu Hashim: Banu Hashim is the Quraysh clan to which Muhammad and his close paternal relatives belonged. Abbas and Muhammad shared this clan, the basis of their close paternal kinship.
Abd al-Muttalib: Abd al-Muttalib was the grandfather of Muhammad and a leader of the Quraysh in Mecca. He was Abbas’s father and Muhammad’s grandfather.
Kaaba: The Kaaba is a cube-shaped sanctuary in Mecca that Muslims face during prayer and regard as Islam’s holiest site. Its sanctuary and pilgrimage economy formed part of the Meccan world Abbas inhabited.
Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah: Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah was the first Abbasid caliph, ruling from 750 to 754. He founded the dynasty whose name and legitimacy invoked Abbas’s lineage.
Early Muslim community: The early Muslim community was the group that formed around Muhammad in seventh-century Arabia. Abbas’s conversion placed him within the community that emerged from Muhammad’s preaching.
Abdullah ibn Abbas: Abdullah ibn Abbas was a cousin of Muhammad and an early Islamic scholar known for interpreting the Quran. Abbas’s son became a prominent transmitter of Muhammad’s teachings and Quranic interpretation.
Hijra: The Hijra was Muhammad and his followers’ migration from Mecca to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Abbas remained in Mecca after Muhammad’s migration, amid the separation of the early Muslim community.

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