Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud

Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud was an early Muslim companion of Muhammad and a leading authority on the Quran, remembered for his recitation, teaching, and legal knowledge.

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Muhammad: Muhammad was the religious and political leader of the early Muslim community and the recipient of the Quran. Ibn Mas'ud became his companion and learned Quranic recitation from him.
Sahabah: The Sahabah were Muslims who met Muhammad and are recognized in Islamic tradition as his companions. Ibn Mas'ud's standing as a Companion anchors his authority in the earliest Muslim generation.
Kufan school: The Kufan school was an early center of Islamic legal and Quranic learning in the Iraqi city of Kufa. Ibn Mas'ud's teaching and his students established an influential scholarly tradition there.
Uthmanic codex: The Uthmanic codex is the standardized Quranic textual tradition associated with the caliph Uthman's recension. It became the dominant textual tradition against which reports of Ibn Mas'ud's codex were assessed.
Umar ibn al-Khattab: Umar ibn al-Khattab was the second caliph, ruling the Muslim community from 634 to 644. Umar appointed Ibn Mas'ud to teach and administer in Kufa.
Quran: The Quran is Islam's central scripture, understood by Muslims as God's revelation to Muhammad. His reputation rests chiefly on transmitting, reciting, and teaching the Quran.
Hanafi school: The Hanafi school is a major Sunni school of Islamic jurisprudence founded around the teachings of Abu Hanifa. Its Iraqi legal tradition developed amid scholarship shaped by Ibn Mas'ud's Kufan legacy.
Sana'a manuscript: The Sana'a manuscript is an early Quranic manuscript discovered in Yemen, including textual material from a lower writing layer. Its lower text provides material evidence for early Quranic textual variation beyond later reports.
Uthman ibn Affan: Uthman ibn Affan was the third caliph and oversaw the standardization of the Quranic text. The standardization under Uthman shaped the later reception of Ibn Mas'ud's distinct codex.
Qira'at: Qira'at are established modes of Quranic recitation transmitted through recognized chains of teaching. His recitation formed a major early strand in the history of Quranic reading.