Abdullahi dan Fodio

Abdullahi dan Fodio (c. 1766–1829) was a Fulani Islamic scholar, poet, and political leader who helped establish the Sokoto Caliphate and governed its western emirates from Gwandu.

Usman dan Fodio: A Fulani Islamic scholar and reformer who led the early nineteenth-century jihad that founded the Sokoto Caliphate. Abdullahi’s elder brother, teacher, and the jihad’s principal leader.
Gwandu Emirate: A successor state centered on Gwandu in present-day northwestern Nigeria, established within the Sokoto Caliphate’s western sphere. It became the political base of Abdullahi’s branch of the caliphate.
Fulani people: A widely dispersed West African people with a shared language, diverse livelihoods, and long-standing Islamic traditions. Abdullahi’s Fulani identity situated him within the communities transformed by the jihad.
Tazyīn al-Waraqāt: A historical and genealogical work by Abdullahi dan Fodio about the Fulani and the Sokoto jihad. This work preserves Abdullahi’s account of the movement and its leaders.
Muhammad Bello: A son of Usman dan Fodio who became the second caliph of Sokoto and a major scholar and writer. Abdullahi’s nephew and the caliph whose rule followed Usman’s.
Sokoto: A city in northwestern Nigeria that served as the capital of the Sokoto Caliphate. Its caliphate court shared authority and responsibilities with Gwandu.
Maliki school: One of the four major Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence, founded on the teachings of Malik ibn Anas. Maliki jurisprudence formed a central framework for scholarship in the region.
Diya al-Hukkam: A legal and political treatise by Abdullahi dan Fodio on the responsibilities of Muslim rulers. It sets out principles relevant to his own work governing Gwandu.
Nana Asma’u: A nineteenth-century Fulani poet, teacher, and scholar from the family that founded the Sokoto Caliphate. Her writings and teaching carried the family’s scholarly tradition into the next generation.
Sokoto jihad: A religious and political movement led by Usman dan Fodio that began in 1804 and transformed Hausaland. Abdullahi joined its campaigns and helped organize the territories they brought under control.

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