Abolition of the Ottoman caliphate

On 3 March 1924, the Turkish Grand National Assembly abolished the Ottoman caliphate, deposed Abdülmecid II, and ended the office in Turkey.

Ottoman Empire: A state that ruled much of southeastern Europe, western Asia, and North Africa from the late thirteenth century until 1922. Its defeat and dissolution left the caliphate’s political status unsettled.
Grand National Assembly of Turkey: Turkey’s parliament, established in Ankara in 1920 during the struggle for independence. It passed the law abolishing the caliphate on 3 March 1924.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: The Turkish military and political leader who founded the republic and served as its first president. He supported abolishing the caliphate as part of consolidating republican sovereignty.
Caliphate movement: A South Asian Muslim political movement that campaigned to preserve the Ottoman caliphate after the First World War. Its central cause was defeated when Turkey abolished the office in 1924.
Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate: The Turkish assembly’s abolition of the Ottoman sultanate on 1 November 1922. It ended the monarch’s political rule before the caliphate was abolished in 1924.
Turkish War of Independence: The conflict from 1919 to 1923 that established Turkish sovereignty after the First World War. Its nationalist movement rejected Allied plans to partition Anatolia and displaced Ottoman authority.
Law No. 431: The Turkish law of 3 March 1924 that abolished the caliphate and expelled members of the Ottoman dynasty. Its provisions made the abolition a legal act and ordered the dynasty’s departure.
İsmet İnönü: A Turkish military and political leader who became the republic’s first prime minister. He led the government when parliament passed the abolition law.
Khilafat movement: The Indian Muslim campaign of 1919–1924 to defend the Ottoman caliphate. The abolition ended the institution the movement sought to protect.
Ottoman sultanate: The hereditary monarchy through which Ottoman sultans governed the empire. Its abolition was distinct from ending the caliphate, which briefly remained under Abdülmecid II.

Linked from 15 pages