Academic advising

Academic advising is guidance that helps students understand educational requirements, choose courses, and make decisions about their studies and academic goals.

Degree audit: A review of a student's completed and remaining requirements for a degree. Advisors use audits to identify unmet requirements and track progress toward graduation.
Developmental advising: An advising approach that treats the student-advisor relationship as an ongoing partnership supporting personal and academic growth. It frames advising as sustained development rather than simply checking requirements.
Academic degree: An academic qualification awarded after completing a prescribed course of study. Degree goals give advising its central framework of requirements and milestones.
Academic tutoring: Individual or small-group instruction that helps students learn specific academic material. Tutoring addresses subject mastery, while advising focuses on academic choices and requirements.
Course selection: The process of choosing courses for a term or program of study. Advising connects course choices to prerequisites, requirements, and longer-term goals.
Prescriptive advising: An advising approach in which advisors provide directives about courses and academic requirements. It offers a contrasting model centered on expert recommendations and compliance.
General education: A curriculum of broad learning requirements shared across many undergraduate programs. Advisors help students fit these institution-wide requirements into a major.
Student affairs: The broad institutional work supporting students' learning, development, and wellbeing outside the classroom. Advising is one part of the wider support system managed across higher education.
Academic probation: A formal status imposed when a student's academic performance falls below an institution's standards. Advisors help students understand probation conditions and plan a return to good standing.
Student information system: Software that stores and manages student records, enrollment, and academic information. Advisors consult these systems to review records and document advising activity.

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