Acadian expulsion

The forced removal of thousands of Acadians from Nova Scotia and neighboring regions by British authorities between 1755 and 1764. Acadians were dispersed among British colonies, Britain, and France.

Bay of Fundy Campaign: A 1755 British military operation that captured Acadian settlements around the Bay of Fundy and began large-scale deportations. Its raids and expulsions initiated the largest phase of the removal.
Acadia: A historical region of northeastern North America contested by France and Britain, encompassing parts of present-day Canada. The expulsion targeted communities rooted in this contested French colonial region.
Charles Lawrence: A British military officer and colonial administrator who governed Nova Scotia during the initial Acadian deportations. He authorized and directed the 1755 removal from Nova Scotia.
Cajuns: An ethnic group in Louisiana descended in part from Acadians who settled there after deportation and migration. Louisiana became a major destination where displaced Acadians formed a distinct community.
Highland Clearances: The eighteenth- and nineteenth-century displacement of tenants from the Scottish Highlands, often to make way for sheep farming. Both uprooted communities, but the Clearances arose from landlord policies rather than wartime British removal.
Grand-Pré: An Acadian settlement in Nova Scotia whose residents were deported by British forces in 1755. The roundup there became one of the best-known episodes of the expulsion.
Treaty of Utrecht: The 1713 agreement that transferred mainland Acadia to Britain while leaving the status of its boundaries disputed. Its uncertain terms helped sustain British-French conflict over the region.
John Winslow: A British officer who commanded troops involved in the 1755 deportation of Acadians from Grand-Pré. His journal records the orders and coercive roundup at Grand-Pré.
Acadian French: A group of French varieties spoken by Acadian communities in Atlantic Canada and elsewhere. Dispersal and resettlement helped shape distinct regional forms of Acadian French.
Trail of Tears: The forced removal of Indigenous peoples from the southeastern United States to Indian Territory in the 1830s. It offers a later comparison of state-directed displacement with different targets and legal contexts.

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