Acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of pilosebaceous units, producing comedones and sometimes papules, pustules, nodules, or scars.

Pilosebaceous unit: The skin structure formed by a hair follicle and its associated sebaceous gland. Acne begins in this shared follicle-and-gland structure.
Benzoyl peroxide: A topical oxidizing agent used to reduce acne-associated bacteria and inflammation. It targets bacterial contribution without relying on antibiotic action.
Open comedone: A follicular plug with a darkened, exposed opening, commonly called a blackhead. It is one visible form of acne's noninflammatory lesions.
Rosacea: A chronic inflammatory skin condition commonly involving facial redness, visible vessels, and acne-like bumps. Its papules and pustules can resemble acne, but comedones are not typical.
Acne scarring: Permanent textural changes in skin that result from damage during acne inflammation and healing. Deep or prolonged lesions can damage skin structure and leave lasting scars.
Sebum: An oily secretion produced by sebaceous glands that helps lubricate skin and hair. Excess sebum contributes to the environment in which acne lesions form.
Topical retinoid: A vitamin A derivative applied to skin to alter cell turnover and treat disorders such as acne. It helps prevent follicular plugging and is a foundational acne treatment.
Closed comedone: A follicular plug beneath a closed skin surface, commonly called a whitehead. It shows how follicular blockage can appear without an open pore.
Folliculitis: Inflammation or infection of hair follicles that produces follicle-centered bumps or pustules. It can mimic acne lesions but often has different triggers and distribution.
Atrophic scar: A depressed scar formed when healing produces too little connective tissue. These are common acne scars, including ice-pick, boxcar, and rolling forms.

Linked from 31 pages