Acoustic resonance

Acoustic resonance is the increase in sound amplitude when an acoustic system is driven near one of its natural frequencies.

Natural frequency: A frequency at which a system oscillates freely after being disturbed. Driving an acoustic system near this frequency produces resonance.
Sound wave: A mechanical disturbance that travels through a medium as variations in pressure or particle motion. Acoustic resonance is a behavior of sound waves in a system.
Musical instrument: A device designed to produce musical sounds through controlled vibration. Instrument bodies and air columns use resonance to strengthen and shape tones.
Forced oscillation: Oscillation sustained by an external time-varying force. Acoustic resonance is the especially strong response of a forced system near a natural frequency.
Standing wave: A wave pattern formed by the interference of oppositely traveling waves, with fixed nodes and antinodes. Reflected sound reinforces itself at resonant frequencies, forming standing waves.
Frequency: The number of cycles of a repeating event per unit time. Resonance occurs when the driving sound frequency approaches a system's natural frequency.
Organ pipe: A pipe that produces a musical tone when airflow excites resonant air-column modes. Its resonant air column exemplifies how boundaries select audible pitches.
Resonance: The enhanced response of a system when periodic driving approaches one of its natural frequencies. Acoustic resonance is the sound-wave-specific form of this broader phenomenon.
Acoustic impedance: The ratio of sound pressure to volume velocity in an acoustic system. Impedance determines how strongly a system responds to a driving sound.
Wavelength: The distance between corresponding points on successive cycles of a wave. Wavelength helps determine which sound frequencies fit inside an acoustic system.

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