Adenine

Adenine is a purine nucleobase found in DNA and RNA. It pairs with thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA and forms part of nucleotides such as ATP.

Purine: A class of nitrogen-containing molecules with fused six- and five-membered rings, including adenine and guanine. Adenine’s two-ring structure makes it a member of this chemical family.
Adenine–thymine base pair: A DNA base pair held together by two hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine. This pairing is adenine’s standard partner relationship in DNA.
Adenosine diphosphate: A nucleotide containing adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups, formed when ATP loses a phosphate group. ADP is the product and precursor in cellular reactions that transfer phosphate energy.
Thymine: A pyrimidine nucleobase used in DNA that pairs with adenine. Thymine is adenine’s DNA partner and is generally replaced by uracil in RNA.
Nucleobase: A nitrogen-containing molecule that forms the information-bearing bases of nucleic acids and related compounds. Adenine is one of the bases used to encode sequence information in DNA and RNA.
Adenine–uracil base pair: An RNA base pair formed when adenine hydrogen-bonds with uracil. RNA uses uracil where DNA uses thymine, changing adenine’s pairing partner.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate: A cyclic nucleotide derived from ATP that acts as an intracellular signaling molecule. Adenine is part of this messenger that relays signals from cell-surface receptors.
Uracil: A pyrimidine nucleobase used in RNA that pairs with adenine. Uracil takes thymine’s pairing role opposite adenine in RNA.
Guanine: A purine nucleobase that pairs with cytosine in DNA and RNA. It is adenine’s fellow purine in the standard DNA and RNA bases.
Nucleoside: A molecule consisting of a nitrogenous base attached to a sugar, without phosphate groups. Adenine becomes adenosine when joined to ribose, before phosphate groups are added.

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