Knowra Adi Granth Adi Granth The Sikh scripture compiled by Guru Arjan in 1604, containing hymns by Sikh Gurus and other devotional poets. It became the foundation of the Guru Granth Sahib, which was expanded and recognized as the eternal Guru.
Guru Arjan : The fifth Sikh Guru, who compiled the Adi Granth and established the Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar. He organized the scripture and installed it at the Harmandir Sahib in 1604.
Gurmukhi script : A script used to write Punjabi and the script in which the Sikh scriptures are written. The Adi Granth's text is recorded in Gurmukhi.
Kirtan : The devotional singing of hymns, especially in Sikh worship. Kirtan gives the Adi Granth's raga-organized hymns their liturgical voice.
Guru Granth Sahib : The Sikh scripture recognized as the eternal Guru after the line of human Gurus ended. The Adi Granth's expanded form received this enduring status in 1708.
Kartarpur Pothi : A manuscript traditionally identified as the earliest surviving recension of the Adi Granth, completed in 1604. It preserves an early form of the text compiled under Guru Arjan.
Raga : A melodic framework in South Asian classical music that guides composition and performance. The scripture arranges much of its poetry by raga, linking text to musical performance.
Akhand Path : An uninterrupted reading of the Guru Granth Sahib, traditionally completed in about 48 hours. It turns the scripture into a continuous communal act of recitation.
Guru Gobind Singh : The tenth Sikh Guru, who affirmed the Guru Granth Sahib as the continuing Guru of the Sikhs. His succession decision made scripture, rather than a human successor, the Sikh community's Guru.
Harmandir Sahib : A gurdwara in Amritsar, Punjab, that is a central place of Sikh worship. The Adi Granth was installed there in 1604, establishing its role in congregational worship.
Shabad : A sacred hymn or utterance, especially one expressing divine wisdom in Sikh tradition. Its hymns are shabads, sung and contemplated in Sikh worship.
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