Adi Shamir

Adi Shamir is an Israeli cryptographer and computer scientist who co-invented the RSA public-key cryptosystem and developed influential secret-sharing schemes.

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RSA: A public-key cryptosystem for encryption and digital signatures, based on the difficulty of factoring large integers. Shamir co-invented RSA with Ronald Rivest and Leonard Adleman.
Polynomial interpolation: The process of recovering a polynomial from values at distinct points. Shamir's threshold scheme reconstructs its secret by interpolating a polynomial.
Ronald Rivest: An American cryptographer who co-invented RSA and helped establish modern public-key cryptography. Rivest collaborated with Shamir and Leonard Adleman on RSA.
Public-key cryptography: Cryptography using related public and private keys, allowing secure communication without a shared secret key established beforehand. RSA was a landmark realization of the public-key approach.
Elliptic-curve cryptography: Public-key cryptography based on algebraic operations on elliptic curves over finite fields. It offers public-key security with different mathematics and typically smaller keys than RSA.
Secret sharing: A method for distributing a secret among participants so only designated groups can reconstruct it. Shamir's threshold scheme became a foundational construction in this field.
Lagrange interpolation: A formula that constructs a polynomial from its values at distinct points. It provides the direct reconstruction method for Shamir's secret-sharing shares.
Leonard Adleman: An American computer scientist who co-invented RSA and contributed to computational biology. Adleman completed the RSA trio with Shamir and Rivest.
Diffie–Hellman key exchange: A protocol that lets two parties establish a shared secret over a public channel. Its 1976 publication helped open the era in which RSA was developed.
Rabin cryptosystem: A public-key encryption scheme whose security is closely tied to integer factorization. It shares RSA's factoring foundation but uses a distinct encryption construction.