Aerobics

Aerobics is rhythmic physical exercise, often performed to music, that sustains movement to improve cardiovascular endurance.

Aerobic exercise: Physical activity that uses oxygen-dependent metabolism to meet energy demands over sustained periods. Aerobics is a structured form of this broader class of exercise.
Kenneth H. Cooper: An American physician whose research and writing helped popularize aerobic exercise. His fitness program and 1968 book helped establish aerobics as a public health practice.
Step aerobics: A form of aerobics using repeated stepping patterns on a raised platform. It adds changes in elevation and choreography to the standard class format.
Resistance training: Exercise that makes muscles work against an external force to build strength or endurance. It emphasizes muscular loading rather than sustained rhythmic cardiovascular activity.
Cardiorespiratory fitness: The capacity of the heart, lungs, and circulation to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity. Improving this capacity is a central aim of aerobics.
Aerobics (book): A 1968 book by Kenneth H. Cooper promoting sustained exercise for cardiovascular fitness. The book gave the exercise approach its name and brought it to a broad audience.
Water aerobics: Group exercise performed in water, often using rhythmic movements to music. Water provides resistance while reducing impact on joints during aerobic movement.
High-intensity interval training: Exercise alternating short bouts of near-maximal effort with recovery periods. Its repeated intense intervals differ from the typically steadier pace of aerobics.
Heart rate: The number of times the heart beats per minute. Exercise intensity is often monitored by tracking how aerobics raises heart rate.
Jacki Sorensen: An American fitness instructor who developed dance-based aerobic exercise classes in the 1970s. Her choreography helped shape the group class format associated with aerobics.

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Jane FondaRelated: Fonda’s videos helped popularize aerobic exercise among home audiences.