Afghan refugees

Afghan refugees are people forced to leave Afghanistan by conflict, persecution, or insecurity, especially during the wars since 1978.

Soviet–Afghan War: A war from 1979 to 1989 between Soviet forces and the Afghan government on one side and insurgent mujahideen on the other. The Soviet invasion and ensuing war drove millions of Afghans into neighboring countries.
Asylum: Protection granted by a state to people who have fled persecution or serious danger in their country. Afghans outside their country may seek legal protection through asylum procedures.
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees: The United Nations agency mandated to protect refugees and support solutions to displacement. UNHCR coordinates protection and assistance for Afghans in many host countries.
Internal displacement: Forced movement within a country's borders, rather than across an international border. Many Afghans flee their homes without leaving Afghanistan, a distinct form of displacement.
Afghan Civil War (1989–1992): A conflict among Afghan factions that ended the communist government in 1992. Fighting after Soviet withdrawal forced further displacement within Afghanistan and across its borders.
Refugee status determination: The legal or administrative process for deciding whether a person qualifies as a refugee. Authorities use this process to assess Afghan claims for international protection.
Afghan diaspora: Communities of Afghan origin living outside Afghanistan, including refugees, migrants, and their descendants. Diaspora networks support newcomers and maintain social, cultural, and political ties.
Statelessness: The condition of not being recognized as a national by any state under its law. Documentation barriers can leave some displaced Afghans at risk of lacking effective nationality.
Afghan Civil War (1992–1996): A conflict among mujahideen factions for control of Afghanistan after the communist government fell. Widespread fighting, especially in Kabul, drove residents to flee.
Non-refoulement: A principle prohibiting the return of a person to a place where they face specified serious threats. It constrains states from sending Afghans back to persecution or other grave danger.

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