Knowra Aftershock Aftershock An aftershock is an earthquake that follows a larger earthquake in the same region as the crust adjusts to the main shock. Aftershocks can continue for days, years, or longer, and are usually smaller than the main shock.
Omori law : An empirical law describing how aftershock frequency generally declines with time after a mainshock. It captures the characteristic decay in aftershock activity following the main shock.
Aftershock forecast : A probabilistic estimate of the timing, location, and magnitude of future aftershocks. Forecasts translate observed sequence behavior into estimates of near-term seismic risk.
1992 Landers earthquake : A magnitude 7.3 earthquake that struck Southern California on June 28, 1992. Its sequence included the magnitude 6.5 Big Bear earthquake three hours later.
Mainshock : The largest earthquake in a sequence as classified after the sequence has occurred. An aftershock is defined by its relationship to this event.
Earthquake prediction : A claim that an earthquake's time, place, and magnitude can be specified in advance with useful precision. Aftershock probabilities can be forecast, but exact event-by-event prediction remains unavailable.
Coulomb stress transfer : The change in fault failure tendency caused by stress changes from an earthquake or other process. A mainshock can raise or lower failure tendency on nearby faults, shaping where aftershocks occur.
Seismic hazard : The probability of potentially damaging ground shaking at a place over a specified period. Aftershocks can add shaking risk after the mainshock, especially near damaged buildings.
Big Bear earthquake : A magnitude 6.5 Southern California earthquake on June 28, 1992, following the Landers earthquake. It illustrates that an aftershock can be large and damaging despite following a stronger event.
Foreshock : An earthquake that precedes a larger earthquake in the same region and is recognized as a foreshock afterward. Its position before the larger event contrasts with an aftershock's position afterward.
Earthquake scaling law : A quantitative relationship between earthquake properties such as magnitude, frequency, rupture area, or slip. Scaling relationships constrain likely aftershock magnitudes without identifying each future event.
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