Agility

Agility is the ability to change direction or body position quickly while maintaining control. It combines movement speed with balance, coordination, and responsiveness.

Balance: Balance is the ability to maintain or regain bodily stability while stationary or moving. Stable posture lets the body redirect force without losing control.
Change of direction: A change of direction is a planned redirection of movement, usually in response to a known route or task. It isolates the preplanned movement component often measured as part of agility.
Agility ladder: An agility ladder is a flat training aid with marked spaces used for footwork drills. Its drills practice quick foot placement, though they do not reproduce every sport's reactive demands.
Straight-line speed: Straight-line speed is the ability to move rapidly along a relatively direct path. It measures rapid travel without the controlled redirection central to agility.
Coordination: Coordination is the organized use of body parts to produce smooth, effective movement. Agile changes of direction require limbs and trunk to act in sequence.
Deceleration: Deceleration is the reduction of an object's velocity over time. Braking safely is the first physical demand of a sharp turn.
Shuttle run: A shuttle run is a running test or drill involving repeated travel between marked points. Repeated turns make it a common field measure of change-of-direction performance.
Change-of-direction speed: Change-of-direction speed is the ability to execute a planned turn or route rapidly. It excludes the stimulus recognition and decision demands that distinguish reactive agility.
Reaction time: Reaction time is the interval between detecting a stimulus and beginning a response. Responding quickly to an unexpected cue can determine whether a direction change is timely.
Ground reaction force: Ground reaction force is the force exerted by a surface on a body in contact with it. Foot-ground forces brake and redirect the body's momentum during a cut.

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