Alaska

Alaska is a U.S. state in northwestern North America, separated from the contiguous United States by Canada and bordered by the Arctic and Pacific Oceans.

Alaska Range: A mountain range in southern Alaska that includes Denali, North America's highest peak. The range divides major interior and coastal regions and shapes travel and weather.
Russian America: The Russian colonial territory in North America that existed from the eighteenth century until its sale to the United States in 1867. It was the political predecessor to U.S. control of Alaska.
Trans-Alaska Pipeline System: An 800-mile pipeline carrying crude oil from Prudhoe Bay to the port of Valdez. It enabled large-scale transport of North Slope oil across the state.
Alaska Native Claims: Claims to land and resources asserted by Alaska Native peoples and organizations. Their resolution transformed ownership patterns and established regional Native corporations.
Arctic Alaska: Alaska's northern region, extending across tundra and Arctic coastal plains. Its polar environment gives the state an Arctic coastline and distinctive ecosystems.
Alaska Purchase: The 1867 transfer of Russian America to the United States for $7.2 million. The purchase established U.S. sovereignty over the territory that became Alaska.
Prudhoe Bay Oil Field: A large oil field on Alaska's North Slope, discovered in 1968. Its production drove construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline.
Alaska Permanent Fund: A state-owned investment fund established in 1976 to save a share of Alaska's mineral revenues. It channels resource wealth into long-term public savings and resident dividends.
Alaska Panhandle: A narrow southeastern region of Alaska that borders British Columbia and the Pacific Ocean. This maritime region contrasts with Alaska's vast interior and Arctic north.
Seward's Folly: A derisive nickname for the 1867 Alaska Purchase, initially criticized by some Americans as a poor investment. The phrase captures contemporary skepticism about acquiring Alaska.

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