Knowra Alexandre Lacassagne Alexandre Lacassagne Alexandre Lacassagne (1843–1924) was a French physician and criminologist who helped establish forensic medicine in France and founded the Lyon school of criminology.
Cesare Lombroso : An Italian physician who argued that criminality was associated with inherited physical and psychological traits. Lombroso’s biological theory of the criminal challenged Lacassagne’s emphasis on social surroundings.
Lyon school of criminology : A criminological school associated with Lacassagne that stressed social environments and the conditions producing crime. It names the approach Lacassagne built around social settings rather than biological determinism alone.
Lyon : A major city in southeastern France, historically known for medicine, commerce, and industry. Lacassagne’s university career and criminological school were centered in Lyon.
Forensic toxicology : The analysis of drugs, poisons, and other substances for legal investigations. Toxicological expertise formed part of the medico-legal practice associated with Lacassagne’s school.
Gabriel Tarde : A French sociologist and criminologist known for theories of imitation and social influence. Tarde was Lacassagne’s contemporary in France’s disputes over criminal behavior and social causes.
Forensic medicine : The application of medical knowledge to questions arising in law and legal proceedings. Lacassagne’s autopsies, expert testimony, and teaching helped establish this field in France.
University of Lyon : A public university in Lyon, France, whose modern institutional form dates to the nineteenth century. Lacassagne taught forensic medicine there and built an influential professional base.
Forensic ballistics : The examination of firearms, ammunition, and projectile evidence for legal investigations. Lacassagne’s forensic work included attention to firearm evidence in criminal cases.
Edmond Locard : A French forensic scientist who founded a police crime laboratory in Lyon in 1910. Locard extended Lyon’s forensic tradition into systematic police laboratory work.
Criminal anthropology : The historical study of physical and psychological traits thought to distinguish people who commit crimes. Lacassagne engaged with the period’s anthropological claims while disputing their explanatory sufficiency.
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