Alexandrian Crusade

The Alexandrian Crusade was a 1365 expedition in which crusaders led by Peter I of Cyprus captured and sacked Alexandria before withdrawing after several days.

Peter I of Cyprus: Peter I ruled Cyprus from 1359 to 1369 and led the 1365 attack on Alexandria. As the expedition’s leader, he directed its assault and withdrawal.
Kingdom of Cyprus: The Kingdom of Cyprus was a crusader state established on the island in 1192 and ruled by the Lusignan dynasty. Its rulers sponsored the expedition from a surviving crusader kingdom in the eastern Mediterranean.
Alexandria trade: Alexandria trade connected Egypt to Mediterranean and Indian Ocean commerce through its port and markets. The sack disrupted a major commercial hub, though the city’s trade soon recovered.
Siege of Alexandria (1365): The Siege of Alexandria in 1365 was the assault and brief occupation of the Egyptian port during the Alexandrian Crusade. It names the expedition’s concentrated military episode, distinct from its wider political aims.
Alexandria: Alexandria is an Egyptian Mediterranean port city founded by Alexander the Great. The city’s capture and sack were the expedition’s central military actions.
Lusignan dynasty: The Lusignan dynasty was a French-origin royal house that ruled Cyprus and, at times, other crusader states. Peter I belonged to this dynasty, which framed Cyprus’s kingship in crusading terms.
Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt: The Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt was the Egyptian-centered state ruled by military elites from 1250 to 1517. The attack exposed the vulnerability of its coast without ending Mamluk control.
Siege of Alexandria (641): The Siege of Alexandria in 641 was the Arab conquest of the Byzantine city in Egypt. The earlier siege resulted in a lasting transfer of rule, unlike the brief 1365 occupation.
Mamluk Sultanate: The Mamluk Sultanate was a Muslim state that ruled Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries. Its territory and forces made Alexandria a target and shaped the response to the raid.
Crusades: The Crusades were a series of medieval religious wars, chiefly involving Latin Christians and Muslim powers in the eastern Mediterranean. The 1365 attack was a late crusading expedition rather than a campaign to establish lasting rule.

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Smyrniote CrusadesCompared with: It shows the crusading coalition’s later shift from defending Smyrna to attacking an Egyptian port.