Algerian War

The Algerian War was an armed conflict between France and Algerian independence forces from 1954 to 1962. It ended French colonial rule and established Algeria as an independent state.

National Liberation Front: The Algerian nationalist organization that led the independence struggle and governed Algeria after independence. Its armed campaign and political organization drove the war for independence.
French Algeria: The period and system of French colonial rule in Algeria, lasting from 1830 to 1962. The war grew out of a colonial order that denied most Algerians equal political power.
Ahmed Ben Bella: An Algerian nationalist leader who helped found the National Liberation Front and became independent Algeria's first president. His organizing and imprisonment made him a prominent face of the independence movement.
Algerian independence: The establishment of Algeria as a sovereign state on 5 July 1962 after French colonial rule. It was the war's central outcome and the foundation of the postcolonial Algerian state.
French Union: A postwar French political framework intended to bind France and its overseas territories in a common union. Its promise of shared status fell short of the sovereignty sought by Algerian nationalists.
National Liberation Army: The armed wing of the National Liberation Front during the Algerian War. Its guerrilla forces fought French troops and operated from rural strongholds and neighboring countries.
French conquest of Algeria: The French invasion and gradual occupation of Algeria beginning in 1830. Conquest established the colonial authority the independence movement later sought to end.
Abane Ramdane: An Algerian revolutionary who helped organize the National Liberation Front and articulate its political strategy. He pressed for civilian political leadership before being killed in an internal power struggle.
Algerian exodus of 1962: The mass departure of European settlers from Algeria during the country's transition to independence. The end of the war prompted a rapid and lasting demographic transformation.
Algerian autonomy: A proposed arrangement granting Algeria self-government while retaining a constitutional link to France. Autonomy competed with full independence as a possible resolution to the conflict.

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