Alice Paul

Alice Paul was an American suffragist and women’s rights activist who organized militant campaigns for women’s voting rights and helped secure passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.

Lucy Burns: Lucy Burns was an American suffragist who organized the National Woman’s Party alongside Alice Paul. Burns became Paul’s closest organizing partner in the campaign for a federal suffrage amendment.
Silent Sentinels: The Silent Sentinels were suffragists who picketed the White House for women’s voting rights from 1917 to 1919. Paul helped organize this sustained protest, which continued during wartime.
Women’s Social and Political Union: The Women’s Social and Political Union was a British women’s suffrage organization founded by Emmeline Pankhurst in 1903. Paul joined its activism in Britain and adapted its confrontational methods in the United States.
Nineteenth Amendment: The Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits denying the vote on account of sex. Its ratification in 1920 fulfilled the central goal of Paul’s suffrage campaign.
Carrie Chapman Catt: Carrie Chapman Catt was an American suffrage leader who pursued voting rights through state campaigns and political lobbying. Her incremental strategy differed from Paul’s confrontational push for a federal amendment.
Night of Terror: The Night of Terror was the violent treatment of imprisoned suffragists at Occoquan Workhouse on November 14, 1917. The abuse of Paul and fellow picketers drew public attention to the cost of protest.
Emmeline Pankhurst: Emmeline Pankhurst was a British suffragette who founded and led the Women’s Social and Political Union. Pankhurst’s organization shaped Paul’s understanding of militant suffrage campaigning.
Equal Rights Amendment: The Equal Rights Amendment is a proposed U.S. constitutional amendment prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex. After suffrage, Paul made this amendment the central goal of her campaign for legal equality.
Woodrow Wilson: Woodrow Wilson was the 28th president of the United States, serving from 1913 to 1921. Paul’s protests targeted Wilson and pressed him to support women’s suffrage.
1913 Woman Suffrage Procession: The 1913 Woman Suffrage Procession was a large march in Washington, D.C., held the day before Woodrow Wilson’s inauguration. Paul and Lucy Burns organized this dramatic public demonstration early in their campaign.

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