Knowra Allergic rhinitis Allergic rhinitis Allergic rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal lining caused by an immune response to airborne allergens. It commonly causes sneezing, itching, a runny nose, and congestion.
Immunoglobulin E : An antibody class that binds allergens and can trigger allergic reactions through immune cells. Allergen-specific IgE sensitizes mast cells in the nasal lining.
Intranasal corticosteroid : A corticosteroid medicine delivered into the nose to reduce local inflammation. It treats multiple nasal symptoms by suppressing inflammation at its site.
Allergen : A substance that elicits an immune response in a sensitized individual. Airborne allergens such as pollen or dust mite particles initiate the nasal reaction.
Allergic conjunctivitis : Allergic inflammation of the eye surface, commonly causing itching, redness, and tearing. Nasal and eye symptoms often occur together after exposure to shared airborne allergens.
Viral rhinitis : Inflammation of the nasal lining caused by a respiratory virus, commonly producing congestion and discharge. A viral cold can mimic an allergy but usually follows an infectious course.
Mast cell : A tissue immune cell that releases inflammatory mediators when activated. Mast cells release histamine after allergen cross-links their surface-bound IgE.
Antihistamine : A medicine that blocks histamine receptors or otherwise reduces histamine-mediated effects. It can relieve itching, sneezing, and runny nose caused by histamine.
Pollen : Fine particles produced by plants for reproduction, some of which provoke seasonal allergies. Pollen is a common outdoor trigger, often producing seasonal symptoms.
Asthma : A chronic respiratory disease marked by variable airway inflammation and episodes of narrowed airflow. The two conditions frequently coexist and can influence one another's control.
Irritant rhinitis : Nasal symptoms caused by exposure to irritants such as smoke, strong odors, or pollution rather than allergy. Irritants can provoke similar symptoms without allergen-specific sensitization.
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