Amino group

An amino group is a functional group containing a nitrogen atom bonded to hydrogen or carbon atoms. Its nitrogen commonly acts as a base by accepting a proton.

Ammonia: A nitrogen hydride with the formula NH₃ and a trigonal-pyramidal molecular shape. Replacing one ammonia hydrogen with a carbon substituent gives a primary amino group.
Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory: A theory in which acids donate protons and bases accept protons. The amino nitrogen acts as a Brønsted–Lowry base when its lone pair accepts a proton.
Amino acid: An organic molecule containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group, often serving as a protein building block. Its amino group participates in peptide formation and often carries positive charge near physiological pH.
Amide: A functional group in which nitrogen is bonded directly to a carbonyl carbon. Unlike an amino group, amide nitrogen shares its lone pair with a carbonyl and is much less basic.
Primary amine: An amine whose nitrogen is bonded to one carbon group and two hydrogen atoms. Its nitrogen-containing unit is the simplest carbon-substituted form commonly called an amino group.
Amine: An organic compound derived from ammonia by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with carbon groups. Amino groups are the nitrogen-containing units found within amines and related molecules.
Ammonium: The positively charged polyatomic ion NH₄⁺, formed when ammonia accepts a proton. Protonation converts a primary amino group into a positively charged ammonium form.
Peptide bond: The covalent amide bond joining the carboxyl group of one amino acid to another’s amino group. Amino-group nitrogen becomes the nitrogen of this bond during protein-chain formation.
Imine: A functional group containing a carbon–nitrogen double bond, commonly written C=N. An imine has a double bond to carbon rather than the amino group’s nitrogen single bonds.
Secondary amine: An amine whose nitrogen is bonded to two carbon groups and one hydrogen atom. Its nitrogen retains one hydrogen while carrying two carbon substituents.

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