Amnesty International

Amnesty International is a global nongovernmental organization that campaigns to protect human rights and investigates and documents abuses worldwide.

Prisoner of conscience: A person imprisoned solely for peacefully expressing beliefs or identity, without advocating violence or hatred. The term became central to Amnesty’s campaigns for people jailed for peaceful expression.
Human rights documentation: The systematic collection and verification of information about human rights violations. Amnesty’s investigations rely on corroborating testimony, records, and other evidence.
Peter Benenson: A British lawyer and human rights campaigner who founded Amnesty International in 1961. Benenson launched the campaign that developed into Amnesty International.
Nobel Peace Prize: An annual prize awarded for work advancing peace, established by the will of Alfred Nobel. Amnesty received the 1977 prize for its human rights campaign work.
Urgent Action Network: A rapid-response network that mobilizes people to contact authorities about imminent human rights abuses. Amnesty uses coordinated appeals to press officials when someone faces immediate danger.
Human rights report: A publication presenting evidence and analysis of human rights conditions or violations. Amnesty publishes reports to make findings accessible to officials, media, and the public.
The Forgotten Prisoners: A 1961 newspaper article by Peter Benenson calling for action on behalf of imprisoned people of conscience. The article’s appeal helped establish Amnesty’s founding campaign and public identity.
United Nations Convention against Torture: A 1984 United Nations treaty requiring states to prevent and punish torture. Amnesty campaigned for an international treaty that would make opposition to torture binding on states.
Death penalty: A state-sanctioned execution imposed as punishment for a crime. Amnesty campaigns worldwide for abolition and documents executions and capital trials.
Fact-finding mission: An investigation conducted to establish facts about events, conditions, or alleged violations. Field and remote investigations help Amnesty assess claims before making public findings.

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