An Jung-geun

An Jung-geun was a Korean independence activist who assassinated former Japanese prime minister Itō Hirobumi in Harbin in 1909 and was executed by Japanese authorities in 1910.

Korean Empire: The Korean state ruled by the House of Yi from 1897 until Japan’s annexation in 1910. An was born into this state as Japanese influence over Korea rapidly expanded.
Itō Hirobumi: A Japanese statesman who served four times as prime minister and became Japan’s first resident-general of Korea. An assassinated Itō at Harbin railway station on 26 October 1909.
Woo Deok-sun: A Korean independence activist who joined An Jung-geun’s resistance activities in Manchuria. Woo participated in the movement that culminated in the attack on Itō.
Korean independence movement: The organized struggle to restore Korea’s independence from Japanese rule, conducted within Korea and abroad. An is remembered as an early figure in this movement’s armed and political resistance.
Japanese imperialism: Japan’s expansion of political and military power across East Asia from the late nineteenth century through 1945. Its advance into Korea shaped the colonial policies An opposed.
Harbin railway station: A major railway station in Harbin, China, where An shot Itō Hirobumi in 1909. The station was the site of the assassination that defined An’s public legacy.
Ahn Myeong-geun: A Korean independence activist and An Jung-geun’s cousin. Their shared family and political networks linked An to wider resistance efforts.
Korean nationalism: Movements and ideas that promote Korean political unity, sovereignty, or national identity. An’s writings and commemoration became part of modern Korean national identity.
Russo-Japanese War: A war fought by Russia and Japan from 1904 to 1905 over influence in Korea and Manchuria. Japan’s victory strengthened its control over Korea before An’s attack.
An Jung-geun trial: The Japanese military-court proceedings in Lushun that tried An after the assassination of Itō Hirobumi. An used the proceedings to explain his anti-imperial aims and reject the label of criminal.

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