Andrea Pisano

Andrea Pisano was a 14th-century Italian sculptor and architect, best known for the bronze relief panels on the south doors of Florence’s Baptistery.

South Doors of the Florence Baptistery: A set of bronze doors made by Andrea Pisano for the Florence Baptistery, completed in 1336. Their twenty-eight relief panels are his best-known surviving work.
Lost-wax casting: A metal-casting process in which a wax model is replaced by molten metal inside a mold. The doors’ bronze panels were produced through the demanding process of casting.
Florentine Gothic: The regional Gothic style developed in medieval Florence across architecture, painting, and sculpture. Andrea’s figures and ornament reflect the local style that preceded the Renaissance.
North Doors of the Florence Baptistery: A set of bronze doors on the Florence Baptistery made by Lorenzo Ghiberti in the early 15th century. Their later style and competition for the commission contrast with Andrea’s earlier doors.
Campanile of Giotto: The freestanding bell tower of Florence Cathedral, begun in 1334 and completed after Giotto’s death. Andrea Pisano directed the tower’s construction after Giotto and designed its upper stages.
Bronze relief: Sculpture in which raised forms project from a bronze background. This medium defines the doors’ durable, shallow narrative scenes.
Arte di Calimala: The Florentine merchants’ guild responsible for overseeing the Baptistery and commissioning its decoration. The guild commissioned and supervised Andrea’s south doors.
Gates of Paradise: The east doors of the Florence Baptistery, a set of bronze panels made by Lorenzo Ghiberti. Ghiberti’s expansive reliefs show how the Baptistery door tradition changed after Andrea.
Florence Baptistery: An octagonal religious building in Florence, dedicated to Saint John the Baptist. Its south entrance became the setting for Andrea Pisano’s bronze doors.
Gothic art: A European artistic tradition associated with pointed forms, expressive figures, and elaborate decoration. Andrea’s elongated figures and ornamental framing belong to a Florentine Gothic setting.

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