Andreas Baader

Andreas Baader (1943–1977) was a West German militant who co-founded the Red Army Faction, a far-left terrorist organization active from 1970 to 1998.

Ulrike Meinhof: A West German journalist and militant who joined the Red Army Faction in 1970. She helped free Baader from prison in 1970 and became the group’s best-known co-founder.
Frankfurt department-store arson attacks: Two 1968 arson attacks on department stores in Frankfurt am Main, carried out by left-wing militants. Baader and Gudrun Ensslin were convicted for their role in these attacks.
West German student movement: A protest movement that challenged authority, conservative institutions, and the Vietnam War in West Germany during the 1960s. Baader’s early political milieu included activists who rejected parliamentary protest as ineffective.
Red Army Faction: A West German far-left terrorist organization active from 1970 to 1998. Baader co-founded and led the organization, which became known as the Baader–Meinhof Group.
Gudrun Ensslin: A West German militant who co-founded the Red Army Faction with Baader and Ulrike Meinhof. Her partnership with Baader began before the RAF’s formation and shaped its early leadership.
Baader's prison escape: The 1970 armed operation that freed Andreas Baader from custody in West Berlin. The escape brought Ulrike Meinhof into the militant group and marked the RAF’s emergence.
German emergency acts: A set of 1968 West German constitutional amendments granting the state powers during national emergencies. Opposition to these laws formed part of the protest climate around Baader’s generation.
German terrorism legislation: West German laws and legal measures developed to prosecute and restrict terrorist organizations. The state’s response to the RAF, including Baader’s trial, shaped these measures.
Jan-Carl Raspe: A founding member of the Red Army Faction who belonged to its first generation. He was imprisoned with Baader and died alongside him at Stammheim in 1977.
Stammheim trial: The 1975–1977 trial of leading Red Army Faction members at Stuttgart-Stammheim prison. Baader was a central defendant in the closely watched trial.

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