Anesthesia machine

An anesthesia machine delivers controlled mixtures of anesthetic gases and oxygen, while providing ventilation and monitoring connections during general anesthesia.

Medical gas pipeline: A hospital distribution system that supplies medical gases from central sources to clinical outlets. It supplies oxygen and other gases to the machine.
Oxygen: A colorless gas essential to human cellular respiration and commonly supplied for medical care. It is the principal gas used to prevent inadequate oxygen delivery during anesthesia.
General anesthesia: A medically induced state of unconsciousness, amnesia, and reduced responsiveness used for surgery and other procedures. The machine is designed to deliver inhaled agents and support ventilation in this state.
Anesthesia workstation: An integrated clinical system combining an anesthesia machine with ventilation, monitoring, and related equipment. The term often denotes the broader system surrounding the gas-delivery machine.
Flowmeter: An instrument that measures and displays the rate of gas flow. Flowmeters set the amounts of fresh gases entering the breathing circuit.
Nitrous oxide: A colorless gas used as an analgesic and anesthetic, often alongside other anesthetic agents. It can be delivered as part of the machine's fresh-gas mixture.
Endotracheal intubation: Placement of a tube through the mouth or nose into the trachea to secure an airway. The tube commonly connects the patient's airway to the machine's breathing circuit.
Intensive care ventilator: A ventilator designed primarily for prolonged respiratory support in intensive care settings. It supports ventilation but is not built to deliver anesthetic vapors as an anesthesia machine does.
Vaporizer: A device that converts a volatile liquid anesthetic into vapor at a controlled concentration. It adds a measured concentration of volatile anesthetic to the gas mixture.
Volatile anesthetic: An inhaled anesthetic agent that is liquid at room temperature and administered as vapor. The machine vaporizes these agents to produce inhaled general anesthesia.

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