Anoxemia

Anoxemia is an abnormally low or absent level of oxygen in the blood. It can impair oxygen delivery to tissues and arise from respiratory, circulatory, or environmental causes.

Hypoxemia: An abnormally low partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. Unlike anoxemia’s broader usage, hypoxemia specifically describes reduced oxygen pressure in blood.
Oxygen saturation: The fraction of hemoglobin binding sites occupied by oxygen. Saturation describes hemoglobin loading, a different measurement from oxygen pressure.
High-altitude pulmonary edema: A potentially fatal accumulation of fluid in the lungs after ascent to high altitude. It is a specific altitude-related condition that can sharply reduce blood oxygenation.
Anemia: A reduction in red blood cell mass or hemoglobin concentration below normal. Anemia lowers blood oxygen-carrying capacity without necessarily lowering arterial oxygen pressure.
Arterial blood gas: A test measuring blood gases and acid–base status in an arterial sample. It measures arterial oxygen pressure, helping identify and characterize low blood oxygen.
Partial pressure of oxygen: The pressure exerted by oxygen molecules dissolved in a gas or liquid. Arterial oxygen pressure is a central measure used to assess blood oxygenation.
Carbon monoxide poisoning: Toxic exposure in which carbon monoxide binds hemoglobin and impairs oxygen transport. It causes tissue oxygen deprivation despite oxygen pressure that may not appear low.
Ischemia: Inadequate blood supply to a tissue, usually because of restricted blood flow. Ischemia reduces oxygen delivery locally through poor perfusion rather than necessarily low blood oxygen.
Oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve: A graph relating oxygen partial pressure to hemoglobin oxygen saturation. It explains how changes in oxygen pressure translate into changes in hemoglobin saturation.
Hemoglobin: The iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen. Most blood oxygen is carried bound to hemoglobin rather than dissolved in plasma.

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AnoxiaCompared with: Anoxemia names a blood condition, whereas anoxia can affect many kinds of tissue or water.