Anti-Sovietism

Anti-Sovietism is opposition to the Soviet Union, its government, or Soviet political and ideological influence. It encompassed political movements, state policies, and cultural attitudes with varied motives.

Russian Revolution: The political upheavals of 1917 that ended the Russian monarchy and brought the Bolsheviks to power. The Bolshevik seizure of power created the new government that opponents resisted.
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: A Russian writer whose works exposed the Soviet labor-camp system and state repression. His testimony made criticism of Soviet rule influential among readers abroad.
Hungarian Revolution of 1956: A nationwide uprising against Soviet-backed rule in Hungary, suppressed by Soviet military intervention. It shows how popular revolt against Soviet influence could meet direct military force.
Anti-communism: Opposition to communist political movements, governments, or ideology. It is broader than anti-Sovietism, which specifically targets the Soviet state or its influence.
Cold War: The prolonged geopolitical rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, chiefly from 1947 to 1991. Anti-Soviet policies and movements became part of the wider rivalry between the two blocs.
Russian Civil War: The armed conflict from 1917 to 1922 between the Bolshevik government and its domestic and foreign opponents. Anti-Bolshevik forces fought the emerging Soviet state during its formative war.
Andrei Sakharov: A Soviet nuclear physicist who became a prominent advocate for human rights and political reform. His dissent challenged repression from within Soviet society.
Prague Spring: A 1968 reform movement in Czechoslovakia seeking a more open form of socialism, ended by a Soviet-led invasion. The invasion made resistance to Soviet control a central issue across the bloc.
Anti-Russian sentiment: Negative attitudes or hostility directed toward Russia, Russians, or Russian culture. Anti-Sovietism targets a political system and state, not necessarily Russians or Russian culture.
Containment: A United States strategy to prevent the expansion of Soviet power and communist influence. It translated opposition to Soviet expansion into a long-term foreign policy.

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