Antinatalism

Antinatalism is the ethical view that coming into existence is harmful or morally undesirable and that procreation should therefore be avoided.

Negative utilitarianism: A consequentialist view that gives priority to reducing suffering over increasing happiness. Its priority for preventing suffering underlies several arguments against creating lives.
Benatar's asymmetry argument: An argument that birth is harmful because it introduces suffering while nonexistence avoids suffering without depriving anyone of pleasure. It is the best-known argument that every coming into existence is a harm.
Silence of the Buddha: The Buddha's refusal to answer certain metaphysical questions as irrelevant to liberation from suffering. Some interpretations connect its focus on suffering with later renunciatory views, without making it an antinatalist doctrine.
Natalism: The view that having children or increasing birth rates is desirable or morally valuable. It directly opposes antinatalism's conclusion that procreation should be avoided.
Voluntary human extinction movement: A movement whose members advocate ending human reproduction voluntarily so humanity eventually becomes extinct. It turns antinatalist reasoning into an explicit collective proposal.
The nonidentity problem: A problem in population ethics about actions that determine which people will exist. It challenges the claim that procreation harms the particular person it brings into existence.
Misery argument: An argument that the prevalence and severity of suffering make procreation morally objectionable. It grounds opposition to birth in the harms that lives predictably contain.
Schopenhauerian pessimism: Arthur Schopenhauer's view that existence is marked by suffering driven by insatiable striving. Its account of desire and suffering influenced later philosophical pessimism about life.
Procreative ethics: The ethical study of whether, when, and how people should reproduce. It includes antinatalism alongside arguments permitting or requiring reproduction.
Reproductive rights: Rights concerning decisions to have children, avoid pregnancy, and access reproductive healthcare. Antinatalist arguments can conflict with views that treat reproductive choice as a protected liberty.

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