Aquitaine

Aquitaine was a region of southwestern Gaul whose borders and political status shifted between Roman, Frankish, and later medieval rule.

Gallia Aquitania: A Roman province in southwestern Gaul, later divided into smaller administrative provinces. Its boundaries supplied the name and an early framework for the region later called Aquitaine.
Duchy of Aquitaine: A medieval duchy in southwestern France whose territory and political ties changed over time. The duchy became a major form of Aquitaine’s regional rule.
Eudes of Aquitaine: A duke of Aquitaine in the early eighth century who resisted Muslim forces and Frankish rivals. His rule illustrates the duchy’s early capacity to act independently of Frankish kings.
Angevin Empire: The collection of lands ruled by the Plantagenet kings of England in the twelfth century. Aquitaine became one of its largest continental possessions through Eleanor’s marriage.
Roman Gaul: The territories of Gaul governed by Rome from the late Republic through late antiquity. Aquitaine’s provincial and political history began within Roman Gaul.
Duke of Aquitaine: The title held by rulers of the medieval duchy of Aquitaine. Dukes exercised regional authority while their allegiance to Frankish or French kings varied.
Waiofar: A duke of Aquitaine who fought the Frankish king Pepin the Short in the 760s. His defeat ended a prolonged struggle over Aquitaine’s autonomy.
Hundred Years' War: A series of conflicts between England and France from 1337 to 1453 over dynastic claims and territory. English claims to Aquitaine helped sustain the war, while the region became a major theater.
Visigothic Kingdom: A post-Roman kingdom whose territory included parts of southwestern Gaul and the Iberian Peninsula. Visigothic rule followed Roman authority in parts of Aquitaine.
Carolingian Empire: The Frankish empire ruled by Charlemagne and his successors from the eighth to ninth centuries. Carolingian rulers reorganized Aquitaine as a kingdom and sought to control its nobles.

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