Knowra Arab–Israeli conflict Arab–Israeli conflict The long-running political and military conflict involving Israel, Arab states, and Palestinians over territory, sovereignty, security, and national identity.
Zionism : A Jewish national movement supporting self-determination and a homeland in the historic Land of Israel. Zionism advanced Jewish statehood in Palestine, where Arab communities also sought political self-determination.
1948 Arab–Israeli War : The war between Israel and neighboring Arab forces following Israel’s 1948 declaration of independence. It established Israel’s survival and armistice lines while producing mass Palestinian displacement.
Israeli occupation of the West Bank : Israeli military and administrative control over the West Bank, which Israel captured in 1967. Its duration and extent make sovereignty, movement, settlements, and security recurring points of dispute.
David Ben-Gurion : The Zionist leader who became Israel’s first prime minister after its establishment in 1948. His leadership shaped Israel’s founding and its initial war with neighboring Arab states.
Two-state solution : A proposed settlement establishing independent Israeli and Palestinian states alongside one another. It is the most established framework for resolving competing national claims through partition.
Palestinian nationalism : A national movement asserting Palestinian identity, political rights, and self-determination. It developed amid competing claims to Palestine and the displacement and statelessness of Palestinians.
Six-Day War : The June 1967 war in which Israel captured the West Bank, Gaza Strip, East Jerusalem, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan Heights. The territories captured became central to occupation, security, and land-for-peace diplomacy.
Israeli settlements : Israeli civilian communities established in territories captured by Israel in 1967, including the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Their expansion changes territorial realities and complicates proposals for a Palestinian state.
Yasser Arafat : A Palestinian political leader who chaired the Palestine Liberation Organization and later led the Palestinian Authority. He became a central Palestinian interlocutor in the Oslo process and negotiations with Israel.
One-state solution : A proposed settlement replacing separate Israeli and Palestinian states with one state across the territory between the Jordan River and Mediterranean Sea. It challenges partition by proposing shared sovereignty, though advocates differ over the state’s structure.
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