Arab nationalism

Arab nationalism is a political ideology that treats Arab peoples as a shared nation and advocates their unity, independence, or self-determination.

Nahda: A nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Arab cultural revival that renewed Arabic literature, education, and political thought. The Nahda supplied cultural arguments and institutions that helped articulate a shared Arab identity.
Pan-Arabism: A political movement seeking unity among Arab countries on the basis of a shared Arab nation. It is the most direct political program for turning Arab nationalism into interstate unity.
Sati' al-Husri: An educator and political thinker who argued that Arabic language and shared history formed the basis of an Arab nation. His educational work and writing gave Arab nationalism a systematic theory of nationhood.
Egyptian nationalism: A political movement that defines Egypt as a distinct nation with its own history and national interests. Egyptian national identity could compete with pan-Arab commitments, especially when state interests diverged.
Young Turks Revolution: The 1908 Ottoman revolution restored constitutional government and encouraged new political movements across the empire. Centralization and constitutional politics sharpened debates about Arab rights within the Ottoman state.
Arab League: A regional organization founded in 1945 to coordinate political, economic, and cultural cooperation among Arab states. It institutionalized Arab cooperation without creating a unified Arab government.
Sharif Hussein bin Ali: The Hashemite emir of Mecca who led the Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule during World War I. His revolt made Arab independence a wartime political cause, though his aims differed from later pan-Arab programs.
Syrian nationalism: A political ideology that treats Syria, often in a broader historical sense, as a distinct nation. It locates political belonging in a Syrian homeland rather than in an Arab nation spanning many states.
Sykes–Picot Agreement: A secret 1916 agreement in which Britain and France planned spheres of influence in Ottoman Arab territories. Its imperial partition plans became a potent symbol of foreign division opposed by Arab nationalists.
United Arab Republic: A union of Egypt and Syria that existed from 1958 to 1961, with Egypt retaining the name afterward. The union was the most prominent attempt to realize Arab unity through a single state.

Linked from 55 pages