Arizona

Arizona is a state in the southwestern United States, known for its desert landscapes, the Grand Canyon, and a long border with Mexico.

Colorado Plateau: A high, arid region spanning parts of Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, shaped by uplift and erosion. It covers northern Arizona and contains the Grand Canyon.
Arizona Territory: A U.S. organized territory that existed from 1863 until Arizona became a state in 1912. It was the political predecessor to the state.
Grand Canyon: A steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in northern Arizona. It is Arizona’s best-known landscape and a major national park.
Central Arizona Project: A canal system that carries Colorado River water to central and southern Arizona. It enabled population and agricultural growth far from the river.
Sonoran Desert: A desert region in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, known for its summer rains and saguaro cactus. It defines much of southern Arizona’s ecology and landscape.
Gadsden Purchase: The 1854 acquisition by the United States of land from Mexico that now forms parts of Arizona and New Mexico. It established much of Arizona’s present southern boundary.
Hoover Dam: A concrete arch-gravity dam on the Colorado River at the Arizona–Nevada border. Its water and electricity projects transformed the region around western Arizona.
Colorado River Compact: A 1922 agreement dividing Colorado River water among basin states and Mexico. Its allocations shape Arizona’s water supply and interstate disputes.
Navajo Nation: A sovereign Indigenous nation whose territory spans parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Its largest share of land lies in northeastern Arizona.
Mexican Cession: The transfer of a large territory from Mexico to the United States under the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It brought much of present-day Arizona under U.S. control.

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