Armistice of 11 November 1918

The agreement that ended fighting between the Allies and Germany on the Western Front on 11 November 1918, while leaving the state of war formally unresolved.

Compiègne Armistice: The armistice signed in a railway carriage near Compiègne, France, on 11 November 1918. This is the specific agreement and signing that brought Western Front combat to a halt.
Hundred Days Offensive: A series of Allied offensives from August to November 1918 that drove German forces back on the Western Front. Its defeats left Germany unable to restore the front or prevent an Allied advance.
Treaty of Versailles: The 1919 peace treaty that formally ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied powers. It converted the armistice’s temporary cessation of fighting into a formal peace settlement.
Armistice with Germany (1945): The instruments of surrender by which German forces ceased fighting in Europe in May 1945. Unlike the 1918 agreement, the 1945 surrender followed Germany’s complete military defeat.
Matthias Erzberger: A German politician who led the delegation that signed the 1918 armistice. He signed for Germany after receiving authority to accept the Allies’ terms.
German Revolution of 1918–1919: A revolution that ended the German Empire and established a republic amid defeat in the First World War. The upheaval weakened the imperial government as it sought an end to the fighting.
Paris Peace Conference: The 1919 conference at which the victorious Allied powers negotiated postwar treaties. Its negotiations determined the political settlement that followed the ceasefire.
Armistice of 22 June 1940: The agreement by which France accepted defeat and German occupation in June 1940. It was a separate German armistice with France, not the 1918 agreement with the Allies.
Ferdinand Foch: A French general who served as supreme Allied commander during the final campaigns of the First World War. He presented the terms to the German delegation on behalf of the Allies.
Kiel mutiny: A sailors’ revolt in Germany in late October 1918 that helped trigger a wider revolution. The mutiny accelerated the crisis that undermined Germany’s ability to continue the war.

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