Arnulf of Carinthia

Arnulf of Carinthia was a Carolingian ruler who became king of East Francia in 887 and emperor in 896. His reign marked a renewed concentration of power in the eastern Frankish kingdom.

Carloman of Bavaria: A Carolingian king of Bavaria and Italy who ruled from 876 until 880. Arnulf was Carloman’s illegitimate son and inherited his Bavarian power base.
Diet of Tribur: An assembly of East Frankish nobles and bishops held in 887 that recognized Arnulf as king. This assembly formalized the political settlement that followed Charles the Fat’s deposition.
Louis the Child: The Carolingian king of East Francia from 900 until 911, and Arnulf’s son. He succeeded Arnulf as king while still a child.
Great Moravia: A Slavic polity in central Europe that flourished during the ninth and early tenth centuries. Arnulf’s wars with Moravia shaped the eastern limits of his political influence.
Carolingian dynasty: A Frankish ruling family that governed much of western and central Europe from the eighth to the tenth century. Arnulf’s claim to kingship rested on his descent from this dynasty.
East Frankish royal election: The practice by which leading nobles and bishops selected a king in East Francia. Arnulf’s accession relied on elite recognition rather than an uncontested hereditary succession.
Zwentibald: Arnulf’s son who ruled the kingdom of Lotharingia from 895 until 900. Arnulf established him as a regional ruler within the Carolingian political order.
Viking activity in the Frankish Empire: Raiding, settlement, and military campaigns by Scandinavian groups in Frankish territories. Arnulf’s victory near Leuven formed part of the Frankish response to Viking forces.
East Francia: The eastern division of the Carolingian Empire that developed into the medieval German kingdom. Arnulf’s 887 elevation made him ruler of this kingdom.
Carolingian royal itinerancy: The practice of a ruler moving among regional residences to govern and maintain relationships with elites. Arnulf exercised authority through travel, assemblies, and encounters across his territories.

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