Arrest

An arrest is the lawful taking of a person into custody by an authorized official under legal procedures. It restricts liberty and initiates or advances a criminal or legal process.

Probable cause: A legal standard requiring facts sufficient to support a reasonable belief that a crime occurred or evidence will be found. In many jurisdictions, probable cause must justify an arrest or warrant.
Search and seizure: The legal regulation of government searches and the taking or detention of persons and property. Arrest is one form of seizure governed by constitutional and statutory rules.
Citizen's arrest: A non-police person's detention of someone suspected of an offense, permitted only under jurisdiction-specific rules. It contrasts arrests by private individuals with arrests by authorized officials.
Pretrial detention: Confinement of an accused person while criminal proceedings remain unresolved. Arrest can lead to continued custody when release is denied or unavailable.
Stop and frisk: A brief investigative stop and limited pat-down based on legally sufficient suspicion. It is a narrower police intervention than taking a person into arrest custody.
Arrest warrant: A court order authorizing officials to take a named person into custody. A warrant supplies advance judicial authorization for an arrest.
Custody: Legal control or confinement of a person, including detention by public authorities. Arrest begins a particular form of custody, though not every custody situation is an arrest.
Arrest in flagrante delicto: An arrest made while a person is committing an offense or immediately afterward. This circumstance can provide a distinct legal basis for arrest without a warrant.
Arrest record: An official record documenting that a person was arrested, distinct from a conviction record. The consequences of an arrest can persist in records even without a conviction.
Civil commitment: Court-authorized confinement for treatment or protection, generally outside the criminal punishment process. It restricts liberty like arrest but rests on civil rather than criminal grounds.

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