Arrian

Arrian was a Greek historian and Roman official of the second century CE, best known for his account of Alexander the Great’s campaigns.

Anabasis of Alexander: Arrian’s history of Alexander the Great’s campaigns, written in Greek in the second century CE. This is Arrian’s best-known work and his principal account of Alexander’s campaigns.
Ptolemy I Soter: A Macedonian general of Alexander who became ruler of Egypt and founded the Ptolemaic dynasty. Arrian names Ptolemy as one of his principal witnesses for Alexander’s campaigns.
Hadrian: Roman emperor from 117 to 138 CE, known for consolidating the empire and promoting Greek culture. Arrian held high office under Hadrian, including the governorship of Cappadocia.
Alexander Romance: A legendary narrative tradition about Alexander the Great that developed from antiquity onward. Its marvels and legends contrast with Arrian’s stated preference for campaign histories and named witnesses.
Indica: Arrian’s Greek account of India, describing its geography, customs, and Alexander’s eastern campaign. This companion work extends Arrian’s history beyond the campaigns covered in the Anabasis.
Aristobulus of Cassandreia: A Greek writer and participant in Alexander’s expedition whose history survives only in fragments quoted by later authors. Arrian says he relied heavily on Aristobulus alongside Ptolemy.
Lucius Flavius Arrianus: The full Roman name commonly associated with Arrian, the Greek historian and imperial official. This form identifies Arrian in Roman civic and administrative contexts.
Quintus Curtius Rufus: A Roman historian whose surviving Latin history recounts Alexander the Great’s life and campaigns. His narrative provides a major alternative to Arrian’s account, with different emphases and traditions.
Alexander the Great: King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BCE, whose conquests created an empire stretching from Greece to northwestern India. Arrian’s narrative centers on Alexander’s conquests and military leadership.
Callisthenes: A Greek historian who accompanied Alexander’s expedition and wrote an account of its early campaigns. His lost history was an earlier source for Alexander’s expedition and its royal image.

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