Arthur Balfour

Arthur James Balfour (1848–1930) was a British statesman, prime minister from 1902 to 1905 and foreign secretary when Britain issued the Balfour Declaration in 1917.

Benjamin Disraeli: Benjamin Disraeli (1804–1881) was a British Conservative prime minister and novelist. Disraeli was Balfour’s uncle and an early model for his political career.
Balfour Declaration: The Balfour Declaration was Britain’s 1917 statement supporting a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine. As foreign secretary, Balfour signed the letter that gave the declaration its name.
Eton College: Eton College is an English independent boarding school founded in 1440 by Henry VI. Balfour attended Eton before continuing his education at Cambridge.
Irish Home Rule movement: The Irish Home Rule movement sought self-government for Ireland within the United Kingdom. Balfour’s resistance to home rule made him a central opponent of Irish nationalist demands.
Lord Salisbury: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903), was a British Conservative prime minister and foreign secretary. Balfour succeeded his uncle Salisbury as prime minister in 1902.
Education Act 1902: The Education Act 1902 reorganized English and Welsh secondary education and funded denominational schools through local rates. Balfour’s government enacted this major domestic reform during his premiership.
University of Cambridge: The University of Cambridge is a public research university in Cambridge, England, founded in 1209. Balfour studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he developed interests in philosophy.
Zionism: Zionism is a movement supporting the establishment and development of a Jewish homeland in the historic Land of Israel. The declaration associated with Balfour became a landmark in Zionist political history.
David Lloyd George: David Lloyd George (1863–1945) was a British Liberal politician and prime minister during the First World War. Lloyd George led the wartime government that Balfour served as foreign secretary.
Tariff reform: Tariff reform was a British political campaign for protective duties and preferential trade within the empire. Balfour’s support split the Conservative Party and weakened his government.

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