Arthur Griffith

Arthur Griffith (1871–1922) was an Irish nationalist politician who founded Sinn Féin and became president of Dáil Éireann in 1922. He led the Irish delegation that negotiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty.

Michael Collins: An Irish revolutionary and politician who led the Irish delegation alongside Griffith during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Collins shared the delegation’s leadership and later joined Griffith in supporting the treaty.
Irish nationalism: A political movement seeking Irish self-government, independence, or national sovereignty. Griffith’s career belonged to the wider movement for Irish self-government and independence.
Sinn Féin: An Irish political party founded by Arthur Griffith in 1905 that became central to the independence movement. Griffith founded the party that later won a sweeping electoral mandate for independence.
Irish Republicanism: A political tradition advocating an independent Irish republic, often through revolutionary means. Griffith’s dual-monarchy proposal differed from the republican ideal that animated many nationalists.
Éamon de Valera: An Irish revolutionary and politician who opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty and led its opponents during the Civil War. De Valera’s opposition to the treaty divided the nationalist movement Griffith had helped lead.
Irish Literary Revival: A late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century movement renewing Irish literature, language, and cultural identity. The revival’s cultural nationalism helped shape the identity politics surrounding Griffith’s activism.
Anglo-Irish Treaty: The 1921 agreement establishing the Irish Free State as a self-governing dominion within the British Commonwealth. Griffith led the Irish delegation that negotiated and signed the treaty.
Irish Parliamentary Party: A political party that pursued Irish self-government through representation in the British Parliament. Its Westminster-centered strategy rivaled Griffith’s call for Irish institutions to act independently.
John Redmond: An Irish nationalist politician who led the Irish Parliamentary Party and pursued Home Rule through Westminster. Redmond’s parliamentary strategy differed sharply from Griffith’s early separatist approach.
The United Irishman: An Irish nationalist newspaper founded by Arthur Griffith in 1899. Griffith used this newspaper to develop and circulate his political arguments.

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