Arthur Henderson

Arthur Henderson (1863–1935) was a British Labour politician who led the party three times and received the 1934 Nobel Peace Prize for his work on disarmament.

Ramsay MacDonald: A British Labour politician who served as prime minister and led the party during several periods. MacDonald and Henderson alternated as Labour leader and served together in Labour governments.
Labour Party leadership: The elected political leadership responsible for directing the British Labour Party. Henderson held the party leadership in three separate periods.
World Disarmament Conference: A League of Nations conference held in Geneva from 1932 to 1934 to negotiate limits on armaments. Henderson presided over this conference while attempting to reconcile competing national positions.
Labour Party: A British political party founded in 1900 to represent workers and the labour movement. Henderson helped build the party’s organization and served as its first general secretary.
George Lansbury: A British Labour politician and pacifist who led the party from 1932 to 1935. Henderson succeeded Lansbury as Labour leader after opposing his approach to disarmament.
British Cabinet: The senior committee of ministers that directs the government of the United Kingdom. Henderson served in cabinet as president of the Board of Education and home secretary.
Geneva Protocol: A 1924 League of Nations treaty proposal for peaceful settlement of international disputes and collective security. Its failure exposed the security disagreements that also complicated disarmament negotiations.
Labour Representation Committee: The political organization founded in 1900 that became the British Labour Party in 1906. Henderson was its first general secretary and helped establish its early structure.
Clement Attlee: A British Labour politician who led the party from 1935 to 1955 and served as prime minister. Attlee succeeded Henderson as Labour leader in 1935.
Home Secretary: The cabinet minister responsible for domestic affairs in the United Kingdom. Henderson held this office in Ramsay MacDonald’s first Labour government.

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