Arthur Sullivan

Arthur Sullivan (1842–1900) was an English composer and conductor best known for comic operas created with librettist W. S. Gilbert, later called the Savoy operas.

H.M.S. Pinafore: A comic opera by Gilbert and Sullivan that satirizes the Royal Navy and social rank. Its 1878 success established the partnership as a major force in British musical theatre.
W. S. Gilbert: An English dramatist and librettist whose comic operas with Arthur Sullivan became known as the Savoy operas. Gilbert supplied the plots and lyrics that shaped Sullivan’s best-known stage works.
Royal Academy of Music: A London conservatoire founded in 1822 that trains performers and composers. Sullivan studied there before winning a scholarship that took him to Leipzig.
Savoy opera: A genre of British comic opera associated with the works staged at London’s Savoy Theatre. The label became attached to Sullivan and Gilbert’s enduring body of stage works.
The Lost Chord: A sacred song composed by Sullivan in 1877 to words by Adelaide Anne Procter. Its enormous popularity as a song contrasts with the comic stage works most associated with him.
The Pirates of Penzance: A comic opera by Gilbert and Sullivan about a young pirate apprentice bound by an unusual contract. Its intricate patter and musical parody display Sullivan’s command of comic form.
Richard D'Oyly Carte: A British theatrical agent and producer who built the Savoy Theatre and managed Gilbert and Sullivan productions. Carte organized the production system and venue that sustained the operatic partnership.
Leipzig Conservatory: A German music school founded in 1843 by Felix Mendelssohn. Sullivan’s studies in Leipzig gave him rigorous training in European composition and orchestration.
English comic opera: A tradition of comic musical theatre in England, combining spoken dialogue with songs and ensembles. Sullivan helped establish this tradition as a prominent form of Victorian entertainment.
Ivanhoe (opera): A grand opera by Sullivan, first performed in 1891, based on Walter Scott’s novel. Sullivan pursued a serious English opera tradition beyond the Gilbert collaborations.

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